Total population | |
---|---|
extinct as a tribe; merged into the Stockbridge Munsee Community and Brotherton Indian Community, now in Wisconsin [1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
United States ( Connecticut) | |
Languages | |
Quiripi language | |
Religion | |
Indigenous religion | |
Related ethnic groups | |
other Wappinger peoples |
The Quinnipiac were a historical Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands. They lived in present-day New Haven County, Connecticut, along the Quinnipiac River. [2] Their primary village, also called Quinnipiac, was where New Haven, Connecticut is today. [3]
The Quinnipiac name translates as "Long-water people." [4] It was also spelled Quienepiage, Quenepiake, Qunnipiéuk, Qunnipiuck, Qunnipiug, Quinnpiipuck, Quunnipieuck, and Qvinipiak. [5]
The Quinnipiac and several neighboring tribes in central Connecticut and central Long Island all spoke the Quiripi language. This Eastern Algonquian language went extinct in the late 19th century. [6] Reverend Abraham Pierson translated the catechism into Quiripi in 1658. Reverend Ezra Stiles and Thomas Jefferson both collected word lists in the language. [6]
Historian Edward Manning Ruttenber suggested that the Quinnipiac were part of the Wappinger confederacy, [4] but the colonist Daniel Gookin wrote that they were part of the Pequot. [3] Their leader was called a sachem, and historians invented the term sachemdom to describe political units led by a sachem. The Totoket people were part of the Quinnipiac sachemdom. [7] The Hammonasset were likely also part of the Quinnipiac sachemdom. [8]
The Puritans established the first Indian Reservation in 1638. Located near New Haven, Connecticut, the reserve was for the Quinnipiac, but only included 1,200 acres, a small portion of their original territory. [9] The reservation's residents, described as "free" Indians, were placed under the authority of an English agent. [9] They were not allowed to sell or abandon that land, and Native peoples from other tribes were not allowed to visit. [9]
From around 1651 to 1669, Reverend Abraham Pierson, a Congregational minister, proselytized the Quinnipiac near Branford, Connecticut. [10] He translated Christian texts into the Quiripi language. [3] Missionization was not very successful, and the tribe showed "a perverse contempt" for the church. [10]
In 1730, there were an estimated 250 to 300 Quinnipiac. [3] In 1768, some Quinnipiac left their reservation and joined the Tunxi near Farmington, Connecticut. [3] In 1774, only an estimated 38 Quinnipiac survived. [3] They were part of the large Mahican tribe, whose descendants ultimately migrated to Wisconsin with the Stockbridge Munsee Community and Brotherton Indian Community. [1]
Media related to Quinnipiac at Wikimedia Commons
Total population | |
---|---|
extinct as a tribe; merged into the Stockbridge Munsee Community and Brotherton Indian Community, now in Wisconsin [1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
United States ( Connecticut) | |
Languages | |
Quiripi language | |
Religion | |
Indigenous religion | |
Related ethnic groups | |
other Wappinger peoples |
The Quinnipiac were a historical Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands. They lived in present-day New Haven County, Connecticut, along the Quinnipiac River. [2] Their primary village, also called Quinnipiac, was where New Haven, Connecticut is today. [3]
The Quinnipiac name translates as "Long-water people." [4] It was also spelled Quienepiage, Quenepiake, Qunnipiéuk, Qunnipiuck, Qunnipiug, Quinnpiipuck, Quunnipieuck, and Qvinipiak. [5]
The Quinnipiac and several neighboring tribes in central Connecticut and central Long Island all spoke the Quiripi language. This Eastern Algonquian language went extinct in the late 19th century. [6] Reverend Abraham Pierson translated the catechism into Quiripi in 1658. Reverend Ezra Stiles and Thomas Jefferson both collected word lists in the language. [6]
Historian Edward Manning Ruttenber suggested that the Quinnipiac were part of the Wappinger confederacy, [4] but the colonist Daniel Gookin wrote that they were part of the Pequot. [3] Their leader was called a sachem, and historians invented the term sachemdom to describe political units led by a sachem. The Totoket people were part of the Quinnipiac sachemdom. [7] The Hammonasset were likely also part of the Quinnipiac sachemdom. [8]
The Puritans established the first Indian Reservation in 1638. Located near New Haven, Connecticut, the reserve was for the Quinnipiac, but only included 1,200 acres, a small portion of their original territory. [9] The reservation's residents, described as "free" Indians, were placed under the authority of an English agent. [9] They were not allowed to sell or abandon that land, and Native peoples from other tribes were not allowed to visit. [9]
From around 1651 to 1669, Reverend Abraham Pierson, a Congregational minister, proselytized the Quinnipiac near Branford, Connecticut. [10] He translated Christian texts into the Quiripi language. [3] Missionization was not very successful, and the tribe showed "a perverse contempt" for the church. [10]
In 1730, there were an estimated 250 to 300 Quinnipiac. [3] In 1768, some Quinnipiac left their reservation and joined the Tunxi near Farmington, Connecticut. [3] In 1774, only an estimated 38 Quinnipiac survived. [3] They were part of the large Mahican tribe, whose descendants ultimately migrated to Wisconsin with the Stockbridge Munsee Community and Brotherton Indian Community. [1]
Media related to Quinnipiac at Wikimedia Commons