From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the year 1950. For the song by King Princess, see
1950 (song) .
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1950 .
1950 (
MCML ) was a
common year starting on Sunday of the
Gregorian calendar , the 1950th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 950th year of the
2nd millennium , the 50th year of the
20th century , and the 1st year of the
1950s decade.
Calendar year
Events
January
January 14 :
Mount Lamington erupts in
New Guinea .
February
February 1 –
Chiang Kai-shek is re-elected as president of the Republic of China.
February 6
February 8
February 11
February 12
February 13 –
British Columbia B-36 crash : The U.S. Air Force loses a
Convair B-36 bomber that carried a
Mark 4 nuclear bomb off the west coast of Canada, and produces the world's first
Broken Arrow .[
citation needed ]
February 14 –
Cold War :
The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China sign a mutual defense treaty (terminated in
1979 ).
In an
election speech at
Edinburgh ,
Winston Churchill proposes "a
parley at the summit" with Soviet leaders, the first use of the term "
summit " for such a meeting.
[8]
February 15 –
Juho Kusti Paasikivi is re-elected president of Finland.
February 19 –
Konrad Adenauer tries unsuccessfully to negotiate with
East Germany , to begin unification.
February 21 –
Cunard liner
Aquitania arrives at the scrapyard in
Faslane at the end of a 36-year career, the longest of any in the 20th Century.
February 23 –
1950 United Kingdom general election : The Labour Party, led by
Clement Attlee , remains in office, but the Tories, led by Winston Churchill, increase their seats in the House of Commons.
March
April
May
May 1 –
UNRWA , the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, begins operations.
May 5 –
Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), king of Thailand since 1946, is crowned, at The Grand Palace in Bangkok.
May 6
May 9 –
Robert Schuman presents his proposal for the creation of a pan-European organisation, which he believes to be indispensable to the maintenance of permanently peaceful relations between the different nations of the continent. This proposal, known as the "
Schuman Declaration ", is considered to be the beginning of the creation of what is now the
European Union .
May 11 – The
Kefauver Committee hearings into U.S. organized crime begin.
May 13 – The first race in the inaugural FIA
Formula One World Championship in automobile racing is held, at
Silverstone , England.
May 14 –
The Huntsville Times runs the headline "
Dr. von Braun Says Rocket Flights Possible to Moon."
May 17 –
Israeli Air Force
Spitfires intercept a
Royal Air Force
Short Sunderland when it inadvertently crosses into Israeli airspace, forcing it to land at
Lod Airport . The Sunderland's crew have been issued maps that do not depict Israel, as Britain had not recognized the Jewish state at the time they were issued.
May 22
May 24 – The
United States Maritime Administration is formed (under the
Department of Commerce ).
May 25 – The
Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel is formally opened to traffic in New York City.
May 29
June
June 25 :
Korean War begins.
July
August
September
October
November
November 1
November 4 – The
United Nations ends the diplomatic isolation of
Spain .
November 8 –
Korean War : While in an
F-80 ,
United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown intercepts 2 North Korean
MiG-15s near the
Yalu River and shoots them down, in the first
jet -to-jet
dogfight in history.
November 10 – A U.S. Air Force
B-50 Superfortress bomber,
experiencing an in-flight emergency , jettisons and detonates a Mark 4 nuclear bomb over Quebec, Canada (the device lacks its plutonium core).
November 13
November 17 – Tenzin Gyatso, 15, is formally enthroned as the
14th Dalai Lama , becoming temporal ruler of
Tibet .
[24]
November 18 – The United Nations accepts the formation of the
Libyan National Council.
November 24 – A phenomenal
winter storm ravages the northeastern United States, brings 30–50 inches of
snow and temperatures below zero, and kills 323 people.
November 26 –
Korean War : Troops from the People's Republic of China launch a massive counterattack against South Korean and United Nations forces at the
Ch'ongch'on River and the
Chosin Reservoir , dashing any hopes for a quick end to the conflict.
November 28
The
Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic Development in South and South-East Asia comes into effect.
Greece and
Yugoslavia reform diplomatic relations.
November 29 – The
National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA is founded.
November 30 –
Douglas MacArthur threatens to use nuclear weapons in Korea.
December
Date unknown
Births
January
Victoria Principal
Jörg Haider
February
Peter Gabriel
February 1 –
Kazimierz Nycz , Polish clergyman
February 3 –
Morgan Fairchild , American actress (
Flamingo Road )
February 5 –
Jonathan Freeman , American actor and puppeteer.
February 6 –
Natalie Cole , African-American singer (d.
2015 )
February 7 –
Karen Joy Fowler , American author
[42]
February 10
February 12
February 13
February 15 –
Tsui Hark , Hong Kong film director
February 16 –
Peter Hain , Kenyan-born British politician
[47]
February 18
February 21
February 22
February 24 –
George Thorogood , American musician
February 25
February 26
February 27 –
Azean Irdawaty , Malaysian actress, singer (d.
2013 )
February 28 –
Jaime Fabregas , Filipino actor
March
Karen Carpenter
William Hurt
Martin Short
March 1 –
Phil Alden Robinson , American film director
March 2 –
Karen Carpenter , American singer and drummer (d.
1983 )
March 4 –
Rick Perry , American politician, 14th
U.S. Secretary of Energy , 47th
Governor of Texas
March 9 –
Danny Sullivan , American race car driver
March 10
March 11
March 12 –
Javier Clemente , Spanish football player, manager
March 13
March 18 –
Brad Dourif , American actor
March 20 –
William Hurt , American actor (d.
2022 )
March 21 –
Sergey Lavrov ,
current Foreign Minister of Russia
March 22
March 26
March 27 –
Maria Ewing , American operatic soprano
[59] (d.
2022 )
March 29
March 30 –
Robbie Coltrane , Scottish actor and comedian (d.
2022 )
April
Joyce Banda
Agnetha Fältskog
David Cassidy
Jay Leno
April 1 –
Samuel Alito ,
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
April 4 –
Christine Lahti , American actress
April 5
April 6 –
Tan Aik Mong , Malaysian badminton player (d.
2020 )
April 8 –
Grzegorz Lato , Polish footballer
April 11 –
Bill Irwin , American actor
[60]
April 12
April 13
April 14
April 15 −
Josiane Balasko , French actress, writer and director
April 18 −
Kenny Ortega , American filmmaker, touring manager, and choreographer
April 20 −
N. Chandrababu Naidu , Indian politician, 13th
Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
April 22
April 26
April 28 –
Jay Leno , American comedian and talk show host
April 29 –
Paul Holmes , New Zealand radio and television broadcaster (d.
2013 )
May
Googoosh
Stevie Wonder
Jill Stein
Janez Drnovšek
May 2 –
Lou Gramm , American singer-songwriter (
Foreigner )
May 5 –
Googoosh , Iranian singer, actress
May 6 –
Jeffery Deaver , American crime writer
[65]
May 7 –
Tim Russert , American journalist (
Meet the Press ) (d.
2008 )
[66]
May 10 –
Dale Wilson , Canadian voice actor
May 11 –
Sadashiv Amrapurkar , Indian actor (d.
2014 )
May 12
May 13
May 14 –
Jill Stein , American politician, activist, and 2016 Green Party presidential candidate
May 15 –
Renate Stecher , German athlete
[68]
May 16 –
Georg Bednorz , German physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate
May 17 –
Janez Drnovšek , Slovenian politician, 2-time
Prime Minister of Slovenia , 2nd
President of Slovenia (d.
2008 )
May 18
May 23 –
Richard Chase , American "vampirist" serial killer (d. 1980)
[69]
May 29 –
Frederick Sumaye , 7th Prime Minister of Tanzania
[70]
June
Nouri al-Maliki
Sonia Manzano
June 3
June 5 –
Abraham Sarmiento Jr. , Filipino journalist, political activist (d.
1977 )
June 8 –
Kathy Baker , American actress
June 13 –
Belinda Bauer , Australian actress
June 14 –
Rowan Williams , Archbishop of Canterbury
June 15 –
Lakshmi Mittal , Indian industrialist
June 16 –
Mithun Chakraborty , Indian actor, singer, producer, writer, social worker, entrepreneur
June 19 –
Ann Wilson , American singer, musician (
(Heart) )
June 20 –
Nouri al-Maliki , 74th
Prime Minister of Iraq
June 21
June 22
June 24 –
Nancy Allen , American actress
June 25
June 26 –
Jaak Joala , Estonian singer, musician (d.
2010 )
June 29 –
Simone Gbagbo ,
ICC criminal, former
Ivorian politician and
First Lady
July
Viktor Yanukovych
Richard Branson
August
Ernesto Samper
Steve Wozniak
Anne, Princess Royal
August 2 –
Ken Kutaragi , Japanese businessman
August 3
August 5 –
Rosi Mittermaier , German ski racer (d.
2023 )
[76]
August 7 –
Alan Keyes , African-American conservative political activist
August 8 –
Lucjan Lis , Polish-German cyclist (d.
2015 )
August 9 –
Anémone , French actress, filmmaker and political activist (d.
2019 )
August 11
August 12 –
Iris Berben , German actress
August 15
August 16
August 17 –
Jose Apolinario Lozada Jr. , Filipino diplomat, politician (d.
2018 )
August 19 –
Sudha Murthy , Indian philanthropist and author
[80]
August 21 –
Arthur Bremer , American attempted assassin of
George Wallace
[81]
August 22 –
Scooter Libby , American conservative political adviser
August 23 –
Alan Tam , Hong Kong singer and actor
August 24 -
Marc Aaronson , American astronomer
August 27 –
Charles Fleischer , American actor, stand-up comedian and voice artist
September
Phil McGraw
Julie Kavner
Narendra Modi
Bill Murray
September 1
September 7
September 8 –
Mark Gable , Australian singer, songwriter (
The Choirboys )
September 14
September 14 –
Juan Carlos Boveri , Argentine author, psychologist, sociologist, and cultural anthropologist.
[82]
September 15 –
Rajiv Malhotra , Indian-American author
September 17 –
Narendra Modi , 14th
Prime Minister of India
September 21
September 22 –
Kirka Babitzin , Finnish singer (d.
2007 )
September 24
September 26 –
Mohamed Tarabulsi , Lebanese weightlifter (d.
2002 )
September 27 –
Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa , Japanese actor
September 28 –
Christina Hoff Sommers , American author and philosopher
[83]
October
Jakaya Kikwete
Tom Petty
Rino Gaetano
John Candy
October 1
October 3 –
Phyllis Nelson , American singer (d.
1998 )
October 5 –
Laura Gemser , Indonesian born-Dutch actress
October 7 –
Jakaya Kikwete , 4th
President of Tanzania
October 9 –
Jody Williams , American teacher, aid worker and recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize
October 10
October 12
October 16 –
Angry Grandpa , American YouTuber (d.
2017 )
October 18 –
Wendy Wasserstein , American playwright (d.
2006 )
October 19 – Bishop
Bill Ray , 10th
Bishop of North Queensland
October 20 –
Tom Petty , American rock singer (d.
2017 )
October 22 –
Donald Ramotar , 8th President of Guyana
October 25
October 28
October 29
October 31 –
John Candy , Canadian comedian, actor (d.
1994 )
November
Ed Harris
November 1 –
Robert B. Laughlin , American
Nobel Prize laureate
[84]
November 3
November 4
November 9 –
Maravillas Rojo , Catalan politician
November 10 –
Debra Hill , American producer (d.
2005 )
November 17 –
Roland Matthes , German swimmer (d.
2019 )
November 21 –
Alberto Juantorena , Cuban athlete
November 22 –
Steven Van Zandt , American singer, songwriter, musician, producer, actor, and activist.
November 23 –
Chuck Schumer , American politician
November 28
November 29 –
Olavi Mäenpää , Finnish politician (d.
2018 )
December
Joan Armatrading
Rajinikanth
María Antonieta de las Nieves
December 1
December 2
December 5 –
Camarón de la Isla , Spanish singer (d.
1992 )
December 7 –
Hasanaga Sadigov , Azerbaijani ashik musician (d.
2018 )
December 9 –
Joan Armatrading , St. Kitts-born English singer, songwriter
December 12
December 13 –
Wendie Malick , American actress and former fashion model
December 19 –
Manny Trillo , Venezuelan-born American baseball player
December 22 –
María Antonieta de las Nieves , Mexican actress, comedian, and singer (La Chilindrina in El Chavo del Ocho )
December 23 –
Vicente del Bosque , Spanish footballer, manager
December 25 –
Yehuda Poliker , Israeli singer, songwriter, musician, and painter
December 30 –
Safiya Henderson-Holmes , African-American poet (d.
2001 )
Date unknown
Deaths
January
George Orwell
Alan Hale, Sr.
Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
January 1 –
William A. Griffin , American
Roman Catholic prelate and reverend (b.
1885 )
January 2
January 3 –
Tess Gardella , Italian-born American actress, dancer (b.
1894 )
January 7
January 8 –
Joseph Schumpeter , Czech economist, political scientist (b.
1883 )
January 11 –
James A. Colescott , American
Imperial Wizard of the
Ku Klux Klan (b.
1897 )
January 12 –
John M. Stahl , American film director, producer (b.
1886 )
January 13 –
Gino Frittelli , Italian painter (b.
1879 )
January 14 –
Ieu Koeus , 9th
Prime Minister of Cambodia (b.
1905 )
January 15 –
Henry H. Arnold , American general and aviation pioneer (b.
1886 )
[89]
January 16 –
Ali Moustafa Mosharafa , Egyptian physicist (b.
1898 )
January 17 –
Seiichi Hatano , Japanese philosopher (b.
1877 )
January 18 –
Horace Rice , Australian tennis player (b.
1872 )
January 20 –
Ray Duggan , Australian speedway rider (b.
1913 )
January 21 –
George Orwell , British author (b.
1903 )
January 22 –
Alan Hale Sr. , American actor (b.
1892 )
January 23 –
Vasil Kolarov , Bulgarian Communist politician, former provisional head of State and 33rd
Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b.
1877 )
January 29 –
Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah , Sheikh of Kuwait (b.
1885 )
February
Karl Seitz
February 3
February 6 –
Georges Imbert , Alsatian chemist (b.
1884 )
February 7
February 9
February 10 –
Marcel Mauss , French sociologist (b.
1872 )
February 11 –
Kiki Cuyler , American baseball player (
Chicago Cubs ),
MLB Hall of Fame member (b.
1898 )
February 12 –
Bernard Meninsky , Ukrainian-born British artist, painter, draughtsman and teacher (b.
1891 )
February 13 –
Rafael Sabatini , Italian writer (b.
1875 )
February 14
February 16
February 21 –
Gerhard Kowalewski , German mathematician (b.
1876 )
February 23 –
Piotr Śmietański , Polish executioner (b.
1899 )
February 25
February 26 –
Harry Lauder , British entertainer (b.
1870 )
February 27 –
Yvan Goll , French dramatist (b.
1891 )
[90]
March
Albert François Lebrun
Heinrich Mann
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
Leon Blum
April
Recep Peker
Reverend
Franciscus Janssens
April 1
April 3 –
Kurt Weill , German-born composer (b.
1900 )
April 5 –
Charles Binaggio , American gangster (b.
1909 )
April 7 –
Walter Huston , Canadian-born American actor (b.
1883 )
April 8 –
Vaslav Nijinsky , Soviet ballet dancer, choreographer (b.
1889 )
April 10
April 11 –
Bainbridge Colby , United States Secretary of State (b.
1869 )
April 13
April 14 –
Ramana Maharshi , Indian
sage and
jivanmukta (b.
1879 )
[93]
April 16
April 17 –
Władysław Filipkowski , Polish military commander (b.
1892 )
April 23
April 26 –
George Murray Hulbert , American politician (b.
1881 )
April 27
April 30 –
Francesco Jovine , Italian writer, author (b.
1902 )
May
Gavrilo V, Serbian Patriarch
Alfonso Quiñónez Molina
May 1 –
Lothrop Stoddard , American eugenicist (b.
1883 )
May 6 –
Víctor Manuel Román y Reyes , Nicaraguan politician, 23rd
President of Nicaragua (b.
1872 )
May 7 –
Gavrilo V, Serbian Patriarch (b.
1881 )
May 8 –
Vital Brazil , Brazilian physician and immunologist (b.
1865 )
[95]
May 9
May 10
May 11 –
Cedric Holland , British admiral (b.
1889 )
May 12 –
Harold Basil Christian , South African-Rhodesian horticulturalist (b.
1871 )
May 18 –
Henri Cihoski , Romanian general and politician (b.
1871 )
May 19
May 22
May 24
May 25 –
Nicolae Ciupercă , Romanian general and politician (b.
1882 )
May 26 –
Stanisław Kętrzyński , Polish historian, diplomat (b.
1878 )
May 28 –
Vicente Sotto , Filipino politician (b.
1877 )
June
Kazys Grinius
Melitta Bentz
Metropolitan
Theophilus Pashkovsky
June 3 –
Ahmad Tajuddin ,
Sultan of Brunei (b.
1913 )
June 4
June 5 –
Miklós Bánffy , Hungarian nobleman, politician and novelist (b.
1873 )
June 6 –
William Wadsworth , American actor (b.
1874 )
June 9 –
Denis Auguste Duchêne , French general (b.
1862 )
June 20 –
Etsu Inagaki Sugimoto , Japanese autobiographer, novelist (b.
1874 )
June 22 –
Jane Cowl , American actress (b.
1883 )
June 24 –
Darwan Singh Negi , Indian Victoria Cross recipient (b.
1881 )
June 26 –
Antonina Nezhdanova , Soviet soprano (b.
1873 )
June 27
June 28 – Archbishop
Makarios II (b.
1870 )
June 29 –
Melitta Bentz , German entrepreneur, who invented the coffee filter in 1908 (b.
1873 )
July
Antonie Nedošinská
William Lyon Mackenzie King
July 1 –
Eliel Saarinen , Finnish architect (b.
1873 )
[96]
July 5 –
Salvatore Giuliano , Italian bandit (b.
1922 )
July 7 –
Fats Navarro , American jazz trumpet player (b.
1923 )
July 8
July 10 –
Richard Maury , American naturalized Argentine engineer (b.
1882 )
July 11 –
Buddy DeSylva , American songwriter (b.
1895 )
July 12
July 17
July 18 –
Mignon Talbot , American paleontologist (b.
1869 )
July 21 –
Rex Ingram , Irish-born American director (b.
1892 )
July 22 –
William Lyon Mackenzie King , Canadian political leader, 10th
Prime Minister of Canada (b.
1874 )
July 24 –
Zeffie Tilbury , English stage and film actress (b.
1863 )
[98]
July 27 –
Marta Steinsvik , Norwegian author (b.
1877 )
July 28 –
Kevin Budden , Australian amateur herpetologist (b.
1930 )
July 30 –
Guilhermina Suggia , Portuguese cellist (b.
1885 )
[99]
[100]
August
Tadeusz Tomaszewski
Arturo Alessandri
September
Jan Smuts
October
Al Jolson
Miguel Mariano Gómez
King
Gustaf V of Sweden
October 1 –
Mikhail Rodionov , Soviet statesman,
Leader of the Soviet Union (b.
1907 )
October 2 –
John F. Fitzgerald , American politician, Mayor of Boston (b.
1863 )
October 5 –
Thomas Addis Emmet , American-born Jamaican
Roman Catholic bishop and reverend (b.
1873 )
October 9 –
Nicolai Hartmann , German philosopher (b.
1882 )
October 11 –
Pauline Lord , American actress (b.
1890 )
October 13 –
Ernest Haycox , American writer (b.
1899 )
October 14 –
António Maria da Silva , Portuguese politician, interim and 3-time
Prime Minister of Portugal (b.
1872 )
October 18 –
Giuseppe Borgatti , Italian tenor (b.
1871 )
October 19
October 20 –
Henry L. Stimson ,
United States Secretary of State (b.
1867 )
October 23 –
Al Jolson , American musician, actor (
The Jazz Singer ) (b.
1886 )
October 25 –
Yi Kwang-su , Korean writer, activist (b.
1891 )
October 26 –
Miguel Mariano Gómez , Cuban politician, 7th
President of Cuba (b.
1889 )
October 29
October 30 –
Raimundo Díaz Pacheco , Puerto Rican activist (b.
1906 )
October 31 –
Giacomo Gorrini , Italian diplomat (b.
1859 )
November
Kuniaki Koiso
Hryhorij Lakota
Abdul Hamid Karami
November 2 –
George Bernard Shaw , Irish writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1856 )
November 3 –
Kuniaki Koiso , Japanese general, 41st
Prime Minister of Japan (b.
1880 )
November 4
November 5 –
Michael Strange , American poet (b,
1890 )
[101]
November 8 –
Bernice Herstein , American socialite (b.
1918 )
November 9 –
Attilio Andreoli , Italian painter (b.
1877 )
November 11
November 12
November 16 –
Bob Smith , American doctor, physician and surgeon (b.
1879 )
November 17 –
Virginia Fábregas , Mexican actress (b.
1871 )
[102]
November 23 –
Abdul Hamid Karami , Lebanese political figure, religious leader and 16th
Prime Minister of Lebanon (b.
1890 )
November 25
November 27 –
T. Sathasiva Iyer ,
Ceylon Tamil scholar,
Tamil language writer (b.
1882 )
November 28 –
James Corbitt , British murderer (
hanged ) (b.
1913 )
November 29 –
Ma Zhanshan , Chinese general (b.
1885 )
November 30 –
Werner Haase , Hitler's personal physician (b.
1900 )
December
Peter Fraser
Enrico Mizzi
Karl Renner
December 2
December 4 –
Jesse L. Brown , American aviator in the United States Navy (killed in action) (b.
1926 )
December 5 –
Sri Aurobindo , Indian guru (b.
1872 )
December 11
December 12
December 15 –
Vallabhbhai Patel , Indian political leader (b.
1875 )
December 20 –
Enrico Mizzi , Maltese politician, 6th
Prime Minister of Malta (b.
1885 )
December 22 –
Walter Damrosch , German-born American conductor and composer (b.
1862 )
December 23
December 25 –
Xavier Villaurrutia , Mexican poet, playwright (b.
1903 )
December 26 –
Liane de Pougy , French vedette and dancer (b.
1869 )
December 27 –
Max Beckmann , German painter (b.
1884 )
December 30 –
Mihail Manoilescu , Romanian journalist, engineer, economist, politician and memoirist (b.
1891 )
December 31 –
Karl Renner , Austrian Social Democrat politician, 4th
President of Austria (b.
1870 )
Nobel Prizes
References
^
"Athletes – Famous Olympic Athletes, Medalists, Sports Heroes" . May 9, 2017.
^ Iowa. Inspection Bureau (1950).
Mercy Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Ward Building Fire: Davenport, Iowa, January 7, 1950 . Iowa Inspection Bureau.
^
Submarine losses 1904 to present day
Archived August 8, 2007, at the
Wayback Machine , RN Submarine Museum, Gosport
^ United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities (1950).
Annual Report for the Year ... The Committee. p. 32.
^ Christopher Andrew, Defend the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5 (Random House Digital, 2009), pp. 387–88
^ "Year by Year 1950" –
History Channel International
^
West Virginia Historical Society
Archived August 29, 2019, at the
Wayback Machine (retrieved August 26, 2018)
^
Kynaston, David (2007). Austerity Britain 1945–51 . London: Bloomsbury. p. 385.
ISBN
978-0-7475-7985-4 .
^
"1950: Government falls as Belgians vote for king" . BBC News . March 18, 1950.
^ Marian S. Mazgaj, Church and State in Communist Poland: A History, 1944–1989 (McFarland, 2010) pp. 55–56
^
22 guests slain ,
The Bend Bulletin (21 April 1950)
^
22 guests slain as wedding held ,
The Ogden Standard-Examiner (21 April 1950)
^
Drunk Gurkha Kills 22 ,
Los Angeles Times (22 April 1950)
Archived 13 March 2013 at the
Wayback Machine
^
Murders 22 at wedding ,
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ISBN
9780883860779 .
^
Américas . Division of Cultural Relations, Pan American Union. 2005. p. 4.
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Washington, D.C. :
United States Government Printing Office , p. 101,
ISBN
978-0-16-048879-5
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ISBN
978-90-5487-517-8 .
^ McGregor, P. M. J. (June 3, 1978).
"The History of No 2 Squadron, SAAF, in the Korean War" . Military History Journal . 4 (3). The South African Military History Society.
ISSN
0026-4016 . Archived from
the original on August 23, 2009. Retrieved July 18, 2009 .
^ United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics (1949).
Notes on Labor Abroad . pp. 4–5.
^ Bowers, William T.; Hammong, William M.; MacGarrigle, George L. (2005), Black Soldier, White Army: The 24th Infantry Regiment in Korea , University Press of the Pacific, pp. 179–180,
ISBN
978-1-4102-2467-5
^
"Brief History (timeline)" , AI Topics ,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence , retrieved August 24, 2016
^ Pelletier, Joseph (1983). The Sun Danced at Fatima . New York: Doubleday. pp. 150, 151.
^ Rahul, Ram (2000). March of Central Asia . Indus Publishing.
^
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